Steam-boiler



(No Model.)

H. HACKNBY.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 408.303. Patented Aug. 6, 1889.

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STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming partei' Letters Patent No. 408,303, dated August 6, 1889.

' Application tiled October 18, 1888. Serial No. 288,502. (No'model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HERBERT HACKNEY, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Topeka, in the county of Shawnee and State' of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam- Boilers, of which the following is a specifica tion. Y

In the drawings presentedherewith,Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section of a portion of a locomotive-boiler, showing the arrangement of my improvements therein. Fig. 2 is a cross-section in line a: of the mud-- drum shown in Fig. l; Fig. 3, a cross-section of said drum inline y y; Fig. at, a cross-section `of said drum inline .e c; Fig. 5, a detail view,

partlyin section, showing the arrangement of the pipes at the forward end of the muddrum; and Fig. 6,- adetail view, in section, of a T-coupling and butteriiy-valve, which enable the engineer to blow off from either side of the locomotive.

Like reference-letters indicate the same parts.

In` a former patent, issued to me August 7, 1888, No. 387,511, I have described a locomotive-boiler iitted with a circulation-pipe F exposed to the heat of the fire or of the hot `gases therefrom, and a mud-drum G, isolated from the direct action of the iire and containing a lower compartment N, provided with a discharge-pipe I-I. rlhese essential elel ments I still retain; and my present invention consists in certain improvements upon said former invention whereby better results are obtained, and also in certain mechanical devices which cheapen the construction and care of the apparat-us, all of which are hereinafter fully described, and pointed out definitely in the claims appended hereto. Of the many impurities contained in such water as is necessarily used in locomotive-boilers probably the most abundant, as well as the most objectionable, is carbonate of lime. This is precipitated from solution in the boiler and collects upon the bottoni of the saine and upon the iiues, and is there transformed by the heat into what is commonly termed scale, adhering tightly and being removed only with the greatest difficulty.

One of the main objects of my present inthe insoluble carbonate.

vention to thoroughly cleanse the feedwater of this impurity before it passes into the water-space of the boiler.

It is a well-known fact that carbonate of lime in itself is but slightly soluble in water, and that the large quantity held in solution by what is known as hard water" is due to the presence therein. of an excess of carbonic aeid,which unites with the carbonate of lime, forming an acid carbonate or bicarbonate fairly soluble in water. Upon freeing the water from this excess of carbonio acid the lime is at once precipitated in the form of To drive out this excess of carbonio acid from the feed-water, I make use of two agents: first, the heat of the boiler, and, second, the 'circula-ting feedwater, the former tending -to decompose the acid, and the latter, having' itself been freed from the same, to dissolve a portion of the excess ot' acid in the feed-water.

The apparatus which I prefer 'to employ is, referring to the drawings, as follows: In the mud-drum G, I iit a three-winged partition I, dividing it. into three compartments M M N, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4. The circulation-pipeF opens into one end of compartment M, as shown in Figs. l and 2. Compartments IWI M are connected at the other end, shown in Figs. l, 4, and 5. Compartment M opens through the holes g g, Figs. l and 3, into the water-space of the boiler, and compartment N communicates with both of the above compartments by means of the small openings m mfand is provided with suitable discharge-pipes, hereinafter described, to carry the sediment which collects therein out of the boiler. From the feed-water pipe E, which enters the boiler at e, a pipe E extends through the water-space and discharges the feed-water into the forward end of the compartment M, shown in Figs. l, 4, and 5.

The operation of this apparatus is as ,follows: The circulating water is carried up through the pipe F by the action of the heat applied thereto. Thenee it enters the conipartinent M of the mud-drum and passes slowly along the same, depositing whatever sediment it may contain. At the opposite end of the drum it enters the compartment- IOO tive with the muddy water.

M and here meets the feed-water coming from the pipe E', already somewhat heated in its passage through the same, and, iningling with it, imparts to it a portion of its heat, while at the same time, being itself free from carbonio acid, it dissolves a portion of the excess contained in the feed-water. This sudden rise of temperature and loss of carbonio acid by the feed-water causes arapid precipitation of carbonate of lime and the deposition of the same along the bottom of the compartment M. In blowing out the sediment which collects in these pipes it is a great advantage to be able to discharge it on' the side opposite to the one from which the wind happens t0 be blowing, to avoid bespatterin g the locomo- To do this I attach to the discharge-pipe H, on the eduction side of the cock h, a T-coupling W, (shown in Figs. l and 6,) into whichIfit lateral pipes Il H2, leading out to the sides of the locomotive, and in this coupling I place a butterflyvalve V, pivoted at o and operated by means of a handle c', to which is attached a rod @2, leading to the cab. When this valve is in the position shown in Fig. 6,tl1e water will be discharged through the left-hand pipe; but by throwing it into the position shown by the dotted lines the water will escape at the opposite side.

The discharge-cock 7L may be lof any desired pattern. I have represented it as operated by means o't abell-crank lever K, attached to a rod 7c, leading to the cab of the locomotive.

As many mud-drums G may be used as is desired, andthe compartments M M may be formed by separate pipes connecting at one end, and'each provided with a discharge-pas sage N, without departingfrom the principle of my invention.

As it is frequently necessary to inspect the l a screw-plug c2 into this hole, extending it inward so as to also screw into the coupling e', thus closing both openings, and at the same time supporting the pipe E.

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. The combination of the circulation-pipe F, the mud-drum G, provided with means for blowing it out with the pipe E, which dis* charges the feed-water into said mud-drum at a point intermediate between thelopening through which the circulating water enters and that through which it leaves said muddrum, as and for the purpose stated.

2. The combination of the mud-drum G, containing the three compartments M M N, with the circulation-pipe F, the feed-water pipe E', and the discharge-pipe H, as and for the purpose stated.

3. The combination of the boiler A, the circulation-pipe F, and the mud-drum G with the three-winged partition I, dividing said mud-drum into a discharge-passage N, and two circulation-passages M M', connected at one end and opening, respectively, into the circulation-pipe F and the water-space of the boiler, 'substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of the mud-drum G, the discharge-pipe Il, the feed-water pipe E',

and the screw-plug e2, as and for the purpose stated.

HRBERT HACKNEY.

\Vitnesses:

HARRY BITNER, W. M. HILL. 

